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Ethers极简入门: 16. 批量归集

我最近在重新学ethers.js,巩固一下细节,也写一个WTF Ethers极简入门,供小白们使用。

推特@0xAA_Science

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所有代码和教程开源在github: github.com/WTFAcademy/WTF-Ethers


这一讲,我们介绍如何使用ethers.js将多个钱包的ETH和代币归集到一个钱包中。

批量归集

在链上交互、撸毛之后,就需要将多个钱包的资产进行归集管理。你可以用HD钱包或者保存多份密钥的方式操作多个钱包,然后用ethers.js脚本完成归集。下面我们分别示范归集ETH(原生代币)和WETH(ERC20代币)。

  1. 创建providerwallet,其中wallet是接收资产的钱包。

    // 准备 alchemy API 可以参考https://github.com/AmazingAng/WTF-Solidity/blob/main/Topics/Tools/TOOL04_Alchemy/readme.md 
    const ALCHEMY_GOERLI_URL = 'https://eth-goerli.alchemyapi.io/v2/GlaeWuylnNM3uuOo-SAwJxuwTdqHaY5l';
    const provider = new ethers.JsonRpcProvider(ALCHEMY_GOERLI_URL);
    // 利用私钥和provider创建wallet对象
    const privateKey = '0x21ac72b6ce19661adf31ef0d2bf8c3fcad003deee3dc1a1a64f5fa3d6b049c06'
    const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider)
  2. 声明WETH合约。

    // WETH的ABI
    const abiWETH = [
    "function balanceOf(address) public view returns(uint)",
    "function transfer(address, uint) public returns (bool)",
    ];
    // WETH合约地址(Goerli测试网)
    const addressWETH = '0xB4FBF271143F4FBf7B91A5ded31805e42b2208d6' // WETH Contract
    // 声明WETH合约
    const contractWETH = new ethers.Contract(addressWETH, abiWETH, wallet)
  3. 创建HD钱包,用于管理多个钱包。

    console.log("\n1. 创建HD钱包")
    // 通过助记词生成HD钱包
    const mnemonic = `air organ twist rule prison symptom jazz cheap rather dizzy verb glare jeans orbit weapon universe require tired sing casino business anxiety seminar hunt`
    const hdNode = ethers.HDNodeWallet.fromPhrase(mnemonic)
    console.log(hdNode);

    HD钱包

  4. 通过HD钱包衍生20个钱包,这些钱包上需要有资产。

    const numWallet = 20
    // 派生路径:m / purpose' / coin_type' / account' / change / address_index
    // 我们只需要切换最后一位address_index,就可以从hdNode派生出新钱包
    let basePath = "m/44'/60'/0'/0";
    let wallets = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < numWallet; i++) {
    let hdNodeNew = hdNode.derivePath(basePath + "/" + i);
    let walletNew = new ethers.Wallet(hdNodeNew.privateKey);
    wallets.push(walletNew);
    console.log(walletNew.address)
    }
    // 定义发送数额
    const amount = ethers.parseEther("0.0001")
    console.log(`发送数额:${amount}`)

    生成20个地址

  5. 读取一个地址的ETH和WETH余额。

    console.log("\n3. 读取一个地址的ETH和WETH余额")
    //读取WETH余额
    const balanceWETH = await contractWETH.balanceOf(wallets[19])
    console.log(`WETH持仓: ${ethersfromPhrase.formatEther(balanceWETH)}`)
    //读取ETH余额
    const balanceETH = await provider.getBalance(wallets[19])
    console.log(`ETH持仓: ${ethersfromPhrase.formatEther(balanceETH)}\n`)

    读取余额

  6. 利用钱包类的sendTransaction()发送交易,归集每个钱包中的ETH

    // 6. 批量归集钱包的ETH
    console.log("\n4. 批量归集20个钱包的ETH")
    const txSendETH = {
    to: wallet.address,
    value: amount
    }
    for (let i = 0; i < numWallet; i++) {
    // 将钱包连接到provider
    let walletiWithProvider = wallets[i].connect(provider)
    var tx = await walletiWithProvider.sendTransaction(txSendETH)
    console.log(`${i+1} 个钱包 ${walletiWithProvider.address} ETH 归集开始`)
    }
    await tx.wait()
    console.log(`ETH 归集结束`)

    归集ETH

  7. WETH合约连接到新的钱包,然后调用transfer()方法归集每个钱包的WETH

    for (let i = 0; i < numWallet; i++) {
    // 将钱包连接到provider
    let walletiWithProvider = wallets[i].connect(provider)
    // 将合约连接到新的钱包
    let contractConnected = contractWETH.connect(walletiWithProvider)
    var tx = await contractConnected.transfer(wallet.address, amount)
    console.log(`${i+1} 个钱包 ${wallets[i].address} WETH 归集开始`)
    }
    await tx.wait()
    console.log(`WETH 归集结束`)

    归集WETH

  8. 读取一个地址在归集后的ETH和WETH余额,可以看到ETHWETH余额减少,归集成功!

    console.log("\n6. 读取一个地址在归集后的ETH和WETH余额")
    // 读取WETH余额
    const balanceWETHAfter = await contractWETH.balanceOf(wallets[19])
    console.log(`归集后WETH持仓: ${ethersfromPhrase.formatEther(balanceWETHAfter)}`)
    // 读取ETH余额
    const balanceETHAfter = await provider.getBalance(wallets[19])
    console.log(`归集后ETH持仓: ${ethersfromPhrase.formatEther(balanceETHAfter)}\n`)

    归集后余额变动

总结

这一讲,我们介绍了批量归集,并用ethers.js脚本将20个钱包的ETHWETH归集到一个钱包中。